流体力学(第2版)


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收藏	流体力学(第2版) 作者:EMLifshitz,LDLandau, 分类:教育考试人气: 装帧:平装 / 24开 / 539页 / 0字 ISBN(10位/13位):7506242605 出版:世界图书出版公司于1999-05- 1出版定价:¥76元标签(Tags):教育考试趣味数理化力学物理学教材与考试百科全书收藏人数：

简介:

The content and treatment in this edition remain in accordance with what was said in the preface to the first edition (see below). My chief care in revising and augmenting has been to comply with this principle. . Despite the lapse of thirty years, the previous edition has, with very slight exceptions, not gone out of date. Its material has been only fairly slightly supplemented and modified. About ten new sections have been added. ...

CONTENTS

Prefaces to the English editions

E. M. Lifshitz

Notation

I IDEAL FLUIDS

1. The equation ofcontinuity

2. Euler's equation

3. Hydrostatics

4. The condition that convection be absent

5. Bernoulli's equation

6. The energy flux

7. The momentum flux

8. The conservation of circulation

9. Potential flow'

10. Incompressible fluids

11. The drag force in potential flow past a body

12. Gravity waves

13. Internal waves in an incompressible fluid

14. Waves in a rotating fluid

II VISCOUS FLUIDS

15. The equations of motion of a viscous fluid

16. Energy dissipation in an incompressible fluid

17. Flow in a pipe

18. Flow between rotating cylinders

19. The law of similarity

20. Flow with small Reynolds numbers

21. The laminar wake

22. The viscosity of suspensions

23. Exact solutions of the equations of motion for a viscous fluid

24. Oscillatory motion in a viscous fluid

25. Damping of gravity waves

III TURBULENCE

26. Stability of steady flow

27. Stability of rotary flow

28. Stability of flow in a pipe

29. Instability of tangential discontinuities

30. Quasi-periodic flow and frequency locking

31. Strange attractors

32. Transition to turbulence by period doubling

33.Fully developed turbulence

34.the velocity correlation functions

35.The turbulent region and the phenomenon of separation

36.The turbulent jet

37.The turbufent wake

38.Zhukovskii's theorem

IV. BOUNDARY LAYERS

39.The laminar boundary layer

40.Flow near the line of separation

41.Stability of flow in the laminar boundary layer

42.The logarithmic velocity profile

43.Turbulent flow in pipes

44.The turbulent boundary layer

45.The drag crisis

46.Flow past streamlined bodies

47.Induced drag

48.The lift of a thin wing

V.THERMAL CONDUCTION IN FLUIDS

49.The general equation of heat transfer

50.Thermal conduction in an incompressible fluid

51.Thermal conduction in an infinite medium

52.Thermal conduction in a finite medium

53.The similarity law for heat transfer

54.Heat transfer in a boundary layer

55.Heating of a body in a moving fluid

56.Free convection

57.Convective instability of a fluid at rest

VI.DIFFUSION

58.The equations of fluid dynamics for a mixture of fluids

59.Coefficients of mass transfer and thennal difusion

60.DifTusion of particles suspended in a fluid

VII. SURFACE PHENOMENA

61.Laplace's formula

62.Capillary waves

63.The effect of adsorbed films on the motion of a liquid

VIII.SOUND

64.Sound waves

65.The energy and momentum of sound waves

66.Reflection and refraction of sound waves

67.Geometrical acoustics

68.Propagation of sound in a moving medium

69.Characteristic vibrations

70. Spherical waves

71. Cylindrical waves

72. The general solution of the wave equation

73. The lateral wave

74. The emission of sound

75. Sound excitation by turbulence

76. The reciprocity principle

77. Propagation of sound in a tube

78. Scattering of sound

79. Absorption of sound

70. Acoustic streaming

71. Second viscosity

IX. SHOCKWAVES

82. Propagation of disturbances in a moving gas

83. Steady flow of a gas

84. Surfaces of discontinuity

85. The shock adiabatic

86. Weak shock waves

87. The direction of variation of quantities in a shock wave

88. Evolutionary shock waves

89. Shock waves in a polytropic gas

90. Corrugation instability of shock waves

91. Shock wave propagation in a pipe

92. Oblique sbock waves

93. The thickness of shock waves

94. Shock waves in a relaxing medium

95. The isothennal discontinuity

96. Weak discontinuities

X. ONE-DIMENSIONAL GAS FLOW

97. Flow of gas through a nozzle

98. Flow of a viscous gas in a pipe

99. One-dimensional similarity flow

100. Discontinuities in the initial conditions

101. One-dimensional travelling waves

102. Formation of discontinuities in a sound wave

103. Characteristics

104. Riemann invariants

105. Arbitrary one-dimensional gas flow '

106. A strong explosion

107. An imploding spherical shock wave

108. Shallow-water theory

Xl. THE INTERSECTION OF SURFACES OF DISCONTINUITY

109. Rarefaction waves

110. Classification of intersections of surfaces of discontinuity

?111. The intersection of shock waves with a solid surface

?112. Supersonic flow round an angle

?113. Flow past a conical obstacle

XII.TWO-DIMENSIONAL GAS FLOW

?114. Potential flow ofa gas

?115. Steady simple waves

?116. Chaplygin's equation: the general problem of steady two-dimensional gas flow

117. Characteristics in steady two-dimensional flow

?118. The Euler-Tricomi equation. Transonic flow

?119. Solutions of the Euler-Tricomi equation near non-singular points of the sonic surface

?120. FIow at the velocity of sound

?121. The reflection ofa weak discontinuity from the sonic line

XIII. FLOW PAST FINITE BODIES

?122. The formation of shock waves in supersonic flow past bodies

?123. Supersonic flow past a pointed body

?124. Subsonic flow past a thin wing

?125. Supersonic flow past a wing

?126. The law of transonic similarity

?127. The taw of hypersonic similarity

XIV.FLUID DYNAMICS OF COMBUSTION

?128. Slow combustion

?129. Detonation

?130. The propagation of a detonation wave

?131. The relation between the different modes ofcombustion

?132. Condensation discontinuities

XV. RELATIVISTIC FLUID DYNAMICS

?133. The energy-momentum tensor

?134. The equations of relativistic fluid dynamics

?135. Shock waves in relativistic fluid dynamics

?136. Relativistic equations for flow with viscosity and thermal conduction

XVI. DYNAMICS OF SUPERFLUIDS

?137. Principal properties of superfluids

?138. The thermo-mechanical effect

?139. The equations of superfluid dynamics

?140. Dissipatiye processes in superfluids

?141. The propagation ofsound in superfluids

内容摘要:

CHAPTER 1

IDEAL FLUIDS

? The equation of continuity

Fluid dynamics concerns itself with the study of the motion of fluids (liquids and gases).

Since the phenomena considered in fluid dynamics are macroscopic, a fluid is regarded as a

continuous medium. This means that any small volume element in the fluid is always

supposed so large that it still contains a very great number ofmolecules. Accordingly, when

we speak of infinitely small elements of volume, we shall always mean those which are

"physically" infinitely small, i.e. very small compared with the volume of the body under

consideration, but large compared with the distances between the molecules. The

expressionsfluid particle and point in afluid are to be understood in a similar sense. If, for

example, we speak of the displacement of some fluid particle, we mean not the

displacement of an individual molecule, but that of a volume element containing many

molecules, though still regarded as a point.

The mathematical description of the state of a moving fluid is effected by means of

functions which give the distribution ofthe fluid velocity v = v(x, y, z, t) and ofany two

thermodynamic quantities pertaining to the fluid, for instance the pressure p(x, y, z, t) and

the density p(x, y, z, t). All the thermodynanuc quantities are determined by the values of

any two ofthem, together with the equation ofstate; hence, ifwe are given five quantities,

namely the three components ofthe velocity v, the pressure p and the density p, the state of

the moving fluid is completely determined.

All these quantities are, in general, functions ofthe coordinates x, y, z and ofthe time t.

We emphasize that v(x, y, z, t) is the velocity of the fluid at a given point (x, y, z) in space

and at a given time t, i.e. it refers to fixed points in space and not to specific particles ofthe

fluid; in the course of time, the latter move about in space. The same remarks apply to

p and p.

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